MOCK INTERVIEW QUESTIONS – ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

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Let’s discuss about the mock Interview Question which are most frequently asked on Endocrine System,

1. What is mean by “Acr/o” ?

Ans- In medical terminology, “acr/o” is a combining form meaning “extremity,” “tip,” or “height”

2. What is the medical term used for “Gland” ?

Ans- A gland is a functional unit of cells that works together to create and release a product into a duct or the bloodstream

3. What is mean by “Andr/o” ?

Ans-  “Andr/o” is a combining form (a word part used to build other words) that means male or masculine. It’s often used in medical and biological terms, especially when referring to male reproductive organs or characteristics

4. What is mean by “Estr/o” ?

Ans- In medical terminology, “estr/o” means female or relating to females. It’s often used in terms related to the female reproductive system and hormones, such as in the word “estrogen,” which is a group of hormones primarily responsible for female development. 

5. What is mean by “Natr/o” ?

Ans- Natr/o” is a combining form in medical terminology that refers to sodium.

6. What is mean by “Toxic” ?

Ans- In medical terms, “toxic” refers to something that is poisonous or harmful to the body, often causing adverse effects or illness.

7. What is mean by “Dipsia” ?

Ans- Dipsia” in medical terminology signifies “thirst”

8. What is mean by “Hormone” ?

Ans- Hormones are chemical substances that act like messenger molecules in the body. After being made in one part of the body, they travel to other parts of the body where they help control how cells and organs do their work. For example, insulin is a hormone that’s made by the beta cells in the pancreas. When it’s released into the blood, insulin helps regulate how the cells of the body use glucose (a type of sugar) for energy.

9. What is the difference between Endocrine & Exocrine ?

Ans- Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands secrete substances through ducts to the body’s surfaces or into body cavities. 

10. How many Adrenal glands are present in human body ?

Ans- The human body has two adrenal glands, one situated on top of each kidney. These glands are small, yellowish organs that produce hormones, including cortisol, aldosterone, and adrenaline. The right adrenal gland is typically pyramidal in shape, while the left gland is semilunar. 
11. How many Parathyroid glands are present in human body ?

Ans- In humans, there are typically four parathyroid glands. These small, pea-sized glands are located on the back side of the thyroid gland in the neck. Two are usually found behind each “wing” of the thyroid gland. 

12. What is mean by “Cortex” ?

Ans- “Cortex” generally refers to the outer layer or covering of an organ, particularly the brain

13. What is mean by “Medulla” ?

Ans- The lowest part of the brain, which controls the body’s automatic processes such as the way the heart works and the breathing.

14. What is mean by “Fimbriae” ?

Ans- Fimbriae are finger-like projections on the ends of your fallopian tubes closest to your ovaries

15. In which quadrant pancreas is present ?

Ans- The pancreas is primarily located in the left upper quadrant (LUQ) of the abdomen.
16. Which cells produce Insulin ?

Ans- Insulin is produced by beta cells located in the islets of Langerhans within the pancreas
17. Which cells produce Glucagon ?

Ans- Glucagon is produced by alpha cells found in the islets of Langerhans within the pancreas

18. In which quadrant Liver is present ?

Ans- The liver is primarily located in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) of the abdomen

19. Where Pituitary gland is present ?

Ans- The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain, specifically in a bony hollow called the sella turcica, which is a depression in the sphenoid bone

20. Abbreviation for FSH Hormone ?

Ans- The abbreviation for Follicle-Stimulating Hormone is FSH.

21. Abbreviation for LH Hormone ?

Ans- The abbreviation for LH is Luteinizing Hormone

22. What is the meaning of “Prolactin” ?

Ans- Prolactin is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland in the brain, primarily known for its role in lactation, breast development, and milk production.

23. Abbreviation for ADH Hormone ?

Ans- The abbreviation for Antidiuretic Hormone is ADH

24. Where is Thymus gland present ?

Ans- The thymus gland is located in the upper chest, specifically between the lungs and behind the sternum (breastbone)

25. Which hormone produced by Thymus gland ?

Ans- The thymus gland primarily produces thymosin

26. What is the purpose of “Calcitonin” ?

Ans- Calcitonin’s primary purpose is to regulate calcium levels in the blood by lowering them

27. What is mean by “Isthmus” ?

Ans- An isthmus is a narrow strip of land connecting two larger landmasses, with bodies of water on either side

28. What is mean by “Adrenomegaly” ?

Ans- Adrenomegaly refers to the enlargement of the adrenal glands. These glands, located above the kidneys, are responsible for producing hormones like cortisol and adrenaline

29. What is mean by “Hypocalcaemia” ?

Ans- Hypocalcemia refers to a condition where there is an abnormally low level of calcium in the blood

30. What is mean by “Hyperglycemia” ?

Ans- Hyperglycemia means having high blood sugar, specifically elevated levels of glucose in the blood.

31. What is mean by “Hyperparathyroidism” ?

Ans- Hyperparathyroidism refers to a condition where the parathyroid glands produce too much parathyroid hormone (PTH), which can lead to increased levels of calcium in the blood

32. What is mean by “Hypoparathyroidism” ?

Ans- Hypoparathyroidism is a condition where the parathyroid glands in the neck don’t produce enough parathyroid hormone (PTH).

33. What is mean by “Hyperkalemia” ?

Ans- Hyperkalemia refers to a condition where the level of potassium in the blood is abnormally high, exceeding the healthy range

34. What is mean by “Hyponatremia” ?

Ans-  Hyponatremia refers to a condition where the sodium level in your blood is abnormally low

35. What is mean by “Hypopituitarism” ?

Ans- Hypopituitarism refers to a condition where the pituitary gland doesn’t produce enough of its hormones, leading to various health issues.

36. What is mean by “Hyperpituitarism” ?

Ans- Hyperpituitarism refers to a condition where the pituitary gland produces and releases excessive amounts of one or more of its hormones

37. What is mean by Acidosis ?

Ans- Acidosis refers to a condition where there is too much acid in the body fluids, causing the blood pH to be abnormally low.

38. What is mean by Exophthalmos ?

Ans- Exophthalmos, also known as proptosis, refers to the bulging or protruding of one or both eyeballs

39. What is mean by hirsutism ?

Ans- Hirsutism refers to the excessive growth of hair in women in areas where hair growth is typically more common in men, such as the face, chest, and back

40. What is mean by Gynecomastia ?

Ans- Gynecomastia refers to the benign (non-cancerous) enlargement of male breast tissue.

41. What is mean by Syndrome ?

Ans- A group of signs and symptoms that occur together and characterize a particular abnormality or condition

42. What is mean by Addison’s disease ?

Ans- Addison’s disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, is a rare chronic disorder where the adrenal glands don’t produce enough hormones, particularly cortisol and aldosterone

43. What is mean by Adrenal feminization ?

Ans- Adrenal feminization, also known as a feminizing adrenal tumor (FAT), refers to an adrenal gland tumor that produces excessive amounts of estrogen, leading to feminizing effects in males and sometimes in females

44. What is mean by Adrenal virilism ?

Ans- Adrenal virilism, also known as virilization, is a condition where a female develops male characteristics due to excessive production of adrenal androgens (male sex hormones) by the adrenal glands

45. What is mean by Cushing’s syndrome ?

Ans- Cushing’s syndrome is a hormonal disorder caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of the hormone cortisol, often due to a tumor on the pituitary gland or adrenal glands.

46. What is mean by Diabetes mellitus ?

Ans- Diabetes mellitus is a disease where the body struggles to regulate blood sugar (glucose) levels

47. What is mean by IDDM ?

Ans- IDDM stands for Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

48. What is mean by NIDDM ?

Ans- NIDDM stands for Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, also known as Type 2 Diabetes.

49. What is mean by Diabetic retinopathy ?

Ans- Diabetic retinopathy is a serious eye condition caused by damage to the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye

50. What is mean by Ketoacidosis ?

Ans- Ketoacidosis refers to a condition where there is a buildup of ketones in the bloodstream, leading to the blood becoming too acidic

51. What is mean by Peripheral neuropathy ?

Ans- Peripheral neuropathy is a general term for nerve damage affecting the peripheral nervous system, which is the network of nerves connecting the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.

52. What is mean by Acromegaly ?

Ans- Acromegaly is a hormonal disorder characterized by the abnormal growth of bones, soft tissues, and organs due to excessive production of growth hormone (GH) by the pituitary gland, particularly after the end of puberty

53. What is mean by Diabetic insipidus ?

Ans- Diabetes insipidus is a condition characterized by excessive thirst and frequent urination, resulting from the body’s inability to regulate water balance due to a deficiency or resistance to the antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin.

54. What is mean by Dwarfism ?

Ans- Dwarfism, medically referred to as short stature, is a condition characterized by abnormally small height, typically defined as an adult height of 4 feet 10 inches (147 cm) or less.

55. What is mean by Gigantism ?

Ans- Gigantism is a medical condition in which a child or adolescent grows abnormally tall due to excessive growth hormone production before puberty

56. What is mean by Panhypopituitarism?

Ans-Panhypopituitarism is a condition where the pituitary gland fails to produce sufficient levels of most or all of its hormones.

57. What is mean by Goiter ?

Ans- A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland, a butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck

58. What is mean by Graves disease ?

Ans- Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, causing it to produce too much thyroid hormone, a condition known as hyperthyroidism.

59. What is mean by Hashimoto’s disease ?

Ans- Hashimoto’s disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, leading to hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)

60. What is mean by Adenocarcinoma ?

Ans- Adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer that develops in glandular cells, which are responsible for producing and secreting substances like mucus and digestive juices.

61. What is mean by Fasting blood sugar ?

Ans- Fasting blood sugar refers to a test that measures the amount of glucose (sugar) in your blood after you haven’t eaten for at least 8 hours

62.What is mean by Glucose tolerance test ?

Ans- A glucose tolerance test (GTT) is a medical test that measures how well your body processes glucose (sugar).

63. Abbreviation for TFT ?

Ans- The term ‘TFT’ stands for Thin Film Transistor

64. What is mean by Chemical Thyroidectomy ?

Ans- Chemical thyroidectomy” refers to the use of medication, specifically those that inhibit thyroid hormone production, to effectively “remove” the functional thyroid gland

65. What is mean by Human growth hormone therapy ?

Ans-  Human growth hormone (HGH), produced by the pituitary gland, regulates growth and metabolism. Synthetic HGH, which you can get by prescription, treats conditions like short stature in children and muscle-wasting diseases in adults. It’s not FDA-approved for anti-aging or performance enhancement.

66. What is medical terminology used for “Uterus” ?

In medical terminology, the uterus is most often referred to as uterus itself. The term womb is also used, particularly in more general contexts, but uterus is the preferred term in medical settings. 

67. What is mean by Vasopressin ?

Ans- Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland.

68. What is mean by Lobectomy ?

Ans- A lobectomy is a surgical procedure involving the removal of a lobe (a section) of an organ, most commonly a lung, but also other organs like the liver, thyroid, or brain

69. Which gland produce melatonin?

Ans- The pineal gland produces and secretes the hormone melatonin

70. Abbreviation for ACTH Hormone ?

Ans- The full name for ACTH is Adrenocorticotropic Hormone.

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